Junior Digest

New Delhi, Apr 24 ,2021: Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal on Saturday requested chief ministers of all the other states to help the national capital in overcoming its shortage of oxygen, saying that the severity of corona is such that all available resources are proving inadequate.

‘I am writing to all CMs requesting them to provide oxygen to Delhi if they have spare. Though Central govt is also helping us, the severity of corona is such that all available resources are proving inadequate,” Mr Kejriwal said in a tweet this evening.

In the letter, Mr Kejriwal wrote, ‘Delhi does not produce any oxygen. Due to the severe rise in corona cases in the last few days, many Delhi hospitals have run out of oxygen. Daily supplies of oxygen to Delhi are woefully short of our requirements.’

The Chief Minister added, ‘Central Government is also helping us a lot in this regard. However, the intensity of the spread is so severe that it is proving inadequate. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could provide us with any oxygen, along with tankers, from your state or any organization in your state. Kindly treat this as an SOS. I would be personally grateful for your support.’

New Delhi, Apr 30,2021: India registered 3,86,452 fresh Covid-19 cases, the highest single-day spike since the pandemic hit, taking the COVID-19 tally to 1,87,62,976, according to the data updated by the Union Health Ministry on Friday morning.

Besides, the country also saw 3498 deaths in the past 24 hours, pushing the death toll to 2,08,330.

It was the third consecutive day when India reported more than 3.5 lakh cases.

On Thursday, the country reported 379,257 cases and 3,645 deaths, which is the highest single-day spike in cases and deaths. On Wednesday, 3,60,960 new infections and 3,293 were recorded.

On a positive front, 2,97,540 people recovered from the virus, taking the total recoveries to 1,53,84,418.

New Delhi [India], April 25,2021: As India will be starting its third phase of the COVID-19 vaccination drive on May 1 for all above age of 18 years, the registration can be done from April 28.
According to the Union Health Ministry, the registration can be done at cowin.gov.in.
The Ministry tweeted a poster saying, “I am 18+… ready for vaccination. Registration opens from April 28..Vaccination starts from May 1.”
In order to ramp up the coronavirus vaccination drive in the country, the Indian government on April 19 announced a “liberalised and accelerated” Phase 3 strategy of COVID-19 vaccination from May 1.
Everyone above the age of 18 to be eligible to get the COVID-19 vaccine, said the government.
As per health ministry data issued on Saturday, 13,83,79,832 vaccine doses have been administered since the vaccination drive was started on January 16.

New Delhi [India], April 21,2021: The cumulative number of COVID-19 vaccine doses administered in the country has crossed 13 crores on Tuesday, said the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
According to the ministry, the cumulative number of COVID-19 vaccine doses administered in the country stands at 13,00,27,370 as per the 9 pm provisional report today. More than 28.98 lakh vaccine doses administered till 9 pm.
Total 71,051 COVID vaccination Centres (CVCs) were operational, marking a rise of more than 26,051 operational vaccination centres. Workplace vaccinations have also enabled such a high turnout of beneficiaries.
These include 92,01,040 Healthcare Workers (HCWs) who have taken the 1st dose and 58,16,538 HCWs who have taken the second dose, 1,15,59,218 Frontline Workers (FLWs) who received the first dose, and 58,52,669 FLWs who received the second dose, 4,34,85,752 for over 45 years old to 60 years old received first dose 14,90,460 for over 45 years old to 60 years old, 4,73,31,326 first dose for above 60 years and 52,90,367 second dose for above 60 years.
On day 95 of the nationwide COVID-19 vaccination, a total of 28,98,257 vaccine doses was given till 9 pm. Out of which 19,18,155 beneficiaries were vaccinated for 1st dose and 9,80,102 beneficiaries received 2nd dose of the vaccine as per the provisional report.

Meanwhile, Union Health Secretary and Union Secretary (Pharmaceuticals) held a Video Conference meeting with States and UTs on various issues connected with medicines used for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in the hospital setting.
The Secretary Pharmaceuticals made a presentation giving the present status of Remdesivir. She informed that the drug has been approved as investigational therapy in patients who are on oxygen with moderate/ severe Covid 19 disease.
“Due to the recent surge in Covid 19 cases, the demand for the drug also grown rapidly with reported shortages. Considering the same, DoP, NPPA along CDSCO have undertaken an exercise to work out Remdesivir injection allocation to States based on objective criteria. Since the clinical guidance provides that Remdesivir should be used in cases where oxygen is also required, the allocation is based on the oxygen allocation carried out by the Empowered Group-2 to various states,” read the release.
This schedule for allocation for the period of 10 days starting from April 21 has been worked out.
“The position will be reviewed after a few days. For the states, for which oxygen allocation was not made, Remdesivir allocation will also be made shortly,” the health ministry said.
All states were requested to ensure judicious use of Remdesivir as per Clinical Management Protocol for COVID-19, conduct a campaign to address any possible black marketing or hoarding of drugs used in Covid treatment, and also facilitate the smooth and unimpeded movement of drugs including inter-state supplies.

Dhaka, Apr 26,2021: Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on Monday sought the developed world and the development partners’ enhanced role in attaining quick recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic as she placed a four-point proposal at the 77th Session of the UN-ESCAP, according to a PMO release.

While delivering her recorded statement aired in the 77th annual UN-ESCAP session, the premier simultaneously called for inclusive development approach, efficient policies and strategies on universal public health system from the Asia-Pacific region.

The three-day 77th session of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) began virtually today under the theme – “Building back better from crises through regional cooperation in Asia and the Pacific.”

In her statement, Sheikh Hasina also urged the international community to remain focus on sustainable repatriation of the 1.1 million forcibly displaced Rohingyas and advocated for regional cooperation for shared prosperity.

“The developed world, development partners and international financial institutions (IFIs) should come forward in attaining quick recovery from the Covid pandemic,” she said in her first proposal.

The premier, secondly, said the development approach should be more inclusive, resilient and environment friendly to build back better from any crisis.

In her third proposal, Sheikh Hasina said the Asia-Pacific region should take efficient policies and strategies for a strengthened and universal public health system.

‘We need to establish seamless connectivity in the areas of trade, transport, energy and ICT, science and technology, she said in the fourth and final proposal.

While talking about the Rohingya issue, the premier mentioned that Bangladesh is hosting over 1.1 million forcefully-displaced Rohingyas from Myanmar.

“We urge the international community to remain focused on this issue for a viable solution through sustainable repatriation, ” she said.

Ms Hasina said that the Covid-19 pandemic has devastated the health systems and economies across the globe.

Noting that nearly 2.95 million people have died and hundreds more are dying every day of the deadly disease, she said that the pandemic has made many people poorer while many others are sliding back to poverty.

Highlighting her government’s measures to offset the onslaught of the Covid-19, the premier said: “We’ve announced stimulus packages worth about US$ 14.6 billion, around 4.44% of our GDP, for widening social protection, retaining jobs and bolstering the economy.”

She added, “Our latest Five Year Plan included strategies for recovery from Covid-19 and preparing Bangladesh for smooth and sustainable LDC graduation, achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), and setting a trajectory towards a prosperous country by 2041.”

Ms Hasina said that the government has continued to move forward with environmental management.

Adaptation efforts to climate change have been supported by programmes funded through the Bangladesh Climate Change Trust Fund, she continued.

The Prime Minister said that Bangladesh sees regional cooperation as the most viable option for shared prosperity, saying,

“We’re engaged in SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation), BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation), BBIN (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal), BCIM-EC (Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar Economic Corridor) and Trilateral Highway initiatives,” she said.

Ms Hasina opined that ‘South-South Network for Public Service Innovation’ helps Bangladesh through partnership with other countries.

‘We’re an ardent supporter of increased connectivity and ESCAP’s initiative of the Asian Highway and Trans-Asian Railway’, she said.

The premier pointed out that Bangladesh is also actively engaging with the Cross-border paperless Trade, Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement, PPP networking, renewable energy and other initiatives of UN-ESCAP.

‘We’re committed to achieving Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration’, she said.

The ESCAP is one of the five regional commissions under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. It was established in order to increase economic activity in Asia and the Far East, as well as to foster economic relations between the region and other areas of the world.

The commission is composed of 53 member states and nine associate members, mostly from the Asia and Pacific regions.In addition to countries in Asia and the Pacific, the commission’s members includes France, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States.

President of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Mohammad Ashraf Ghani,President of Azerbaijan, Ilham Aliyev, President of Indonesia, Joko Widodo, President of the Republic of Kiribati, Taneti Maamau, President of the Kyrgyz Republic, Sadyr Japarov, President of the Republic of the Marshall Islands,President of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, David Kabua, President of Mongolia, Battulga Khaltmaa, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Emomali Rahmon, and Prime Minister of Tuvalu, and Chair of the Pacific Islands Forum, Kausea Natano, virtually spoke at the function.

Opening remarks were made earlier by Secretary-General of the United Nations, António Guterres,Prime Minister of Thailand, General Prayut Chan-o-cha (Ret), Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations and Executive Secretary of ESCAP, Armida Salsiah Alisjahbana, President of the 75th session of the United Nations General Assembly, Volkan Bozkir, President of the Economic and Social Council, Munir Akram.

Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Bhutan Dr Lotay Tshering, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Cambodia, Samdech Akka Moha Sena Padei Techo Hun Sen, Prime Minister of the Republic of Fiji, Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama, Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Imran Khan, Prime Minister of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, Mahinda Rajapaksa, Prime Minister of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and Abdulla Aripov, are scheduled to address the opening session virtually.

Ottawa [US], April 21,2021: Shift-work and irregular work schedules can cause several health-related issues and affect our defence against infection, according to new research from the University of Waterloo.
These health-related issues occur because the body’s natural clock, called the circadian clock, can be disrupted by inconsistent changes in the sleep-wake schedule and feeding patterns often caused by shift work. To study this, researchers at Waterloo developed a mathematical model to look at how a disruption in the circadian clock affects the immune system in fighting off illness.
“Because our immune system is affected by the circadian clock, our ability to mount an immune response changes during the day,” said Anita Layton, professor of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science, Pharmacy and Biology at Waterloo.

“How likely are you to fight off an infection that occurs in the morning than midday? The answer depends on whether you are a man or a woman, and whether you are among the quarter of the modern-day labour force that has an irregular work schedule,” she said.
The researchers created new computational models, separately for men and women, which simulate the interplay between the circadian clock and the immune system. The model is composed of the core clock genes, their related proteins, and the regulatory mechanism of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. By adjusting the clock, the models can simulate male and female shift-workers.
The results of these computer simulations conclude that the immune response varies with the time of infection. Model simulation suggests that the time before we go to bed is the “worst” time to get an infection. That is the period of the day when our body is least prepared to produce the pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators needed during an infection. Just as importantly, an individual’s sex impacts the severity of the infection.
“Shift work likely affects men and women differently,” said Stephanie Abo, a PhD candidate in Waterloo’s Department of Applied Mathematics. “Compared to females, the immune system in males is more prone to overactivation, which can increase their chances of sepsis following an ill-timed infection.”

New Delhi, Apr 20,2021: Under phase III of the ongoing Covid vaccination programme beginning from May 1 onwards, all adults will be eligible for inoculation, the government announced on Monday evening.

The decision was taken in a high-level meeting chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi as India has been hit hard by the second wave of Covid-19. Over two lakh case are being recorded from past 5 consecutive days.

The prime minister said that the Government has been working hard from over a year to ensure that maximum numbers of countrymen are able to get the vaccine in the shortest possible of time. ‘India is vaccinating people at world record pace and we will continue this with even greater momentum,’ he added.

Under the Liberalised and Accelerated Phase 3 Strategy of the National COVID-19 Vaccination programme, the vaccine manufacturers would supply 50 per cent of their doses to the Centre while rest can be given to states and in the open market, a report said.

It was decided that the manufactures will have to release their price list in advance for the 50 per cent vaccines earmarked for the States and the open market. This channel will be open for adults but healthcare and frontline workers and all people above 45 years of age can continue to receive the vaccine free of cost at government-operated vaccination centres.

Also, all indigenously produced vaccines will be distributed equally between the Centre and States. The stock and availability of vaccines will have to provided by all centre on a real-time basis.

In another way, the government paved the way for certain foreign vaccines approved by bodies of the European Union or the US for inoculation in India. However, these vaccines will be provided only in other-than government channels like open markets.

The Centre, from its share, will allocate vaccines to States and UTs based on the criteria of extent of infection (number of active Covid cases) and performance (speed of administration). Wastage of vaccine will also be considered in this criteria and will affect the criteria negatively.

Based on the above criteria, state-wise quota would be decided and communicated to them adequately in advance.

The government said the second dose of all existing priority groups that is health care workers, front line workers and population above 45 years, wherever it has become due, would be given priority, for which a specific and focused strategy would be communicated to all stakeholders, adding that the policy will be reviewed from time to time.

India launched the vaccination programme in the middle of January in phases for health care and frontline workers and people above 45 years of age. Two vaccines — indigenously developed Covaxin and UK’s AstraZeneca vaccine called Covishield — are being administered currently.

So far 12,38,52,566 vaccine doses have administered, as per the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Washington [US], April 29,2021: The findings of a recent study by the University of Eastern Finland researchers suggest that loneliness among middle-aged men is associated with an increased risk of cancer.
According to the researchers, taking account of loneliness and social relationships should thus be an important part of comprehensive health care and disease prevention. The findings were published in Psychiatry Research.
“It has been estimated, on the basis of studies carried out in recent years, that loneliness could be as significant a health risk as smoking or overweight. Our findings support the idea that attention should be paid to this issue,” Project Researcher Siiri-Liisi Kraav from the University of Eastern Finland says.

The study was launched in the 1980s with 2,570 middle-aged men from eastern Finland participating. Their health and mortality have been monitored on the basis of registered data up until the present day. During the follow-up, 649 men, i.e., 25 per cent of the participants, developed cancer, and 283 men (11 per cent) died of cancer.
Loneliness increased the risk of cancer by about ten per cent. This association with the risk of cancer was observed regardless of age, socio-economic status, lifestyle, sleep quality, depression symptoms, body mass index, heart disease, and their risk factors. In addition, cancer mortality was higher in cancer patients who were unmarried, widowed, or divorced at baseline.
“Awareness of the health effects of loneliness is constantly increasing. Therefore, it is important to examine, in more detail, the mechanisms by which loneliness causes adverse health effects. This information would enable us to better alleviate loneliness and the harm caused by it, as well as to find optimal ways to target preventive measures.”

Geneva:April 20,2021: The world can bring the global COVID-19 pandemic under control in the coming months provided it distributes the necessary resources fairly, the head of the World Health Organization (WHO) told a news briefing on Monday.

Global climate change activist Greta Thunberg, joining the briefing as a virtual guest from Sweden, took a swipe at “vaccine nationalism” and said it was unethical that rich countries were prioritising their younger citizens for vaccination ahead of vulnerable groups in developing countries.

“We have the tools to bring this pandemic under control in a matter of months, if we apply them consistently and equitably,” said the head of WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.

However, he also expressed concern over the “alarming rate” at which COVID-19 is spreading in those aged 25-59 worldwide, possibly due to much more contagious variants.

“It took nine months to reach one million deaths; 4 months to reach 2 million, and 3 months to reach 3 million.”

Thunberg said that whereas one in four people in high-income countries had now been vaccinated against COVID-19, only one in more than 500 people in poorer countries had received a shot.

“Vaccine nationalism is what is running the vaccine distribution,” she said.

“The only morally right thing to do is to prioritise the people who are most vulnerable, whether they live in a high income or a low income country.”

ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE

Thunberg also drew a direct link between the pandemic and the environmental destruction that she said made it much easier for dangerous viruses to leap from animal populations to humans.

“Science shows we will experience more frequent, devastating pandemics unless we drastically change our ways and the ways we treat nature … We are creating ideal conditions for diseases to spill over from one animal to another and to us,” she said.

Thunberg urged young people everywhere to get vaccinated if given an opportunity, even though they are the age group least at risk from COVID-19, out of “solidarity with people in the (high) risk groups”.

A leading WHO epidemiologist, Maria van Kerkhove, told the same briefing that the latest surge in COVID-19 infections worldwide included increases among age groups previously less affected by the pandemic.

“We are seeing increased rates of transmission across all age groups,” she said, adding that some 5.2 million cases were reported last week, the highest weekly increase since the start of the pandemic.

“We are seeing a slight age shift in some countries, driven by social mixing,” she added.

Washington, Apr 25,2021: Secretary of State Antony Blinken on Sunday said that US is closely working with their partners in the Indian government and will rapidly deploy additional support to the COVID-hit country.

“Our hearts go out to the Indian people in the midst of the horrific COVID-19 outbreak. We are working closely with our partners in the Indian government, and we will rapidly deploy additional support to the people of India and India’s health care heroes,” Mr Blinken tweeted.

Mr Blinken’s remarks come just a day after United States denied a request by India to lift the ban on the export of raw materials essential to produce Covid-19 vaccines.

On Friday, the US Chamber of Commerce asked the Joe Biden administration to release millions of AstraZeneca vaccine doses “in storage” to India, Brazil and other such countries hard-hit by the pandemic.

“These vaccine doses will not be needed in the United States, where it’s estimated that vaccine manufacturers will be able produce enough doses by early June to vaccinate every American. This move would affirm U.S. leadership, including in initiatives such as COVAX, and as we work with partners around the globe because no one is safe from the pandemic until we are all safe from it,” Myron Brilliant, Executive Vice President and Head of International Affairs at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce said in a statement.

April 24,2021:COVID-19 infections in adults of all ages fell by 65% after a first dose of AstraZeneca or Pfizer vaccine in UK research, which scientists said showed the real-world impact of the nation’s immunisation campaign against the pandemic.

Crucially, the research was conducted at a time when a new and more infectious variant of the coronavirus, called B1.1.7, was dominant in Britain, but still found vaccination was just as effective in elderly people and those with underlying health conditions as it was in the young and healthy.

“These real-world findings are extremely promising,” health minister James Bethell said in a statement as the data were published. He said they showed Britain’s COVID-19 vaccination programme – one of the world’s fastest – was having a “significant impact”.

The data come from two studies that are part of the COVID-19 Infection Survey – a collaboration between Oxford University, the government’s health department, and the Office of National Statistics. Both studies were published online as preprints on Friday and have not yet been peer-reviewed.

The researchers analysed more than 1.6 million test results from nose and throat swabs taken from 373,402 study participants between Dec. 1, 2020 and April 3, 2021.

They found that 21 days after a single dose of either the AstraZeneca or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine – with no second dose – rates of all new COVID-19 infections had dropped by 65%.

This included a drop in symptomatic infections by 74% and a drop in infections with no reported symptoms by 57%.

Reductions in overall infections and in symptomatic infections, were even greater after a second dose – 70% and 90% respectively – the study found, and were similar to effects in people who had previously had a COVID-19 infection.

The second study looked at levels of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus to see how they changed after one dose of either vaccine, and after two Pfizer doses.

Results showed that antibody responses to a single dose of either vaccine were slightly lower in older people, but high across all ages after two Pfizer doses.

More than 33 million people in Britain have received a first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, with more than 10 million having had two doses, official data showed on Wednesday.

Hyderabad, Apr 28 ,2021: Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) will set up 380 Medical Oxygen plants within three months under PM CARES Fund.

The Medical Oxygen Plant (MOP) technology developed by DRDO for On‐Board Oxygen Generation for LCA, Tejas by DEBEL, DRDO will now help in fighting the current crisis of Oxygen for the COVID-19 patients.

The Oxygen plant is designed for a capacity of 1000 liters per minute. The system caters to 190 patients at a flow rate of 5 LPM and can charge 195 cylinders per day.

Transfer of Technology has been done to M/s Tata Advanced Systems Limited, Bengaluru, and M/s Trident Pneumatics Private Limited, Coimbatore, who will be producing 380 plants for installation across various hospitals in the country.

About 120 plants of 500 liters per minute capacity will be produced by industries working with the Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, belonging to CSIR, a DRDO release here said on Wednesday.

Oxygen is a very important clinical gas in health care centers and hospitals for treatment of COVID‐19 Patients. Medical Oxygen Plant (MOP) technology is capable of generating oxygen with 93±3% concentration which can be directly supplied to hospital beds or can be used to fill medical oxygen cylinders.

It utilizes Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) technique and Molecular Sieve (Zeolite) technology to generate oxygen directly from atmospheric air.

MOP technology will be useful to provide oxygen supply during Corona Pandemic in hospitals in urban and rural areas. Hospitals will be able to generate on-site medical oxygen, in a cost-effective manner with this oxygen plant rather than depending upon sourcing it from other places.

The installation of this plant helps in avoiding hospital dependency on scarce oxygen cylinders especially at high altitudes and inaccessible remote areas. MOP has already been installed at some of the Army sites in the North East and Leh-Ladakh Region.

The plant complies with International Standards like ISO 1008, European, US, and Indian Pharmacopeia. Site preparation for 5 plants to be installed in Delhi/NCR region has already been initiated.

DRDO has initiated fabrication of 380 numbers Medical Oxygen Plants with the release of Supply Orders for 332 numbers on M/s Tata Advanced Systems Limited, Bengaluru, and http:48 numbers on M/s Trident Pneumatics Private Limited, Coimbatore with a target of producing 125 plants per month under PM CARES Fund.

With this, it is expected that 380 Medical Oxygen Plants will be installed within three months.

Raksha Mantri Rajnath Singh appreciated DRDO for using the MOP technology to generate much-needed oxygen for COVID-19 patients will help in overcoming the present crisis.

Secretary DDR&D & Chairman DRDO, Dr. G Satheesh Reddy has assured the support of DRDO for the use of the technology by hospitals and other health agencies.

April 24,2021: A potential new malaria vaccine has proved highly effective in a trial in babies in Africa, pointing to it one day possibly helping reduce the death toll from the mosquito-borne disease that kills up to half a million young children a year.

The candidate vaccine, developed by scientists at Britain’s University of Oxford and called R21/Matrix-M, showed up to 77 percent efficacy in the year-long trial of 450 children in Burkina Faso, researchers leading the trial said in a statement.

The scientists, led by Adrian Hill, director of Oxford’s Jenner Institute and also one of the lead researchers behind the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, said they now plan to conduct final stage trials in some 4,800 children aged between five months and three years in four African countries.

“It is more effective than anything that has been reported on before. The World Health Organization wanted a 75 percent effective vaccine. This is the first time anyone has gone above that level. Really importantly, it can be manufactured at a large scale. So far, the vaccine looks safe,” Hill told Al Jazeera.

Hill said the vaccine can be kept refrigerated and does not require freezing, making it easier to distribute to remote areas.

Scientists around the world have been working for decades to develop a vaccine to prevent malaria – a complex infection caused by a parasite carried in the saliva of mosquitoes.

Malaria infects millions of people every year and kills more than 400,000 – most of them babies and young children in the poorest parts of Africa.

The world’s first and only licensed malaria vaccine, Mosquirix, was developed by GlaxoSmithKline over many years of clinical trials across several African countries, but is only partially effective at around 30 percent.

In the R21/Matrix-M trial in Burkina Faso, the 450 young children were divided into three groups.

Two groups got three doses of the experimental vaccine along with either a low or a high dose of an adjuvant – an ingredient designed to super-charge the body’s response to a vaccine – while the third group was given a control vaccine.

Results, which researchers said would soon be published in The Lancet medical journal, showed efficacy of 77 percent in the high-dose adjuvant group and 74 percent among those who got the vaccine with a low dose of adjuvant.